Thursday, June 30, 2011

Project3-Statement

Some production problems for Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? Would mostly be some of the violence acts that George does to Martha. In one particular scene George Grabs Martha by her neck, but this can be simply fixed by a professional that does stage combat. Also, theres a lot of verbal attacks, the actors must be able to be understood by the audience so they need to make sure they project their voices during their heated arguments and lose important dialogue. Also, a lot liquor and cigarettes are involved, so we would have to be careful and have a fire talk with the actors when lighting a cigarette and also be careful with all the glass bottles of liquor.

Problems with casting and doing the production at the UTC, would definitely be casting. Martha and George are middle aged, and students at SHSU are mostly around their 20's we would have to fix it by using stage make up to give the illusion that they are older. Also, if we were to cast non-tradionally we would have to be careful with race issues, people could easily get offended since their is martial verbal abuse. Also, the play takes place the whole time in a living room so it could easily be done in the showcase or on the main stage. In many photos of different shows I have seen book shelves with tons of books, so that might or might now be a problem, just depends on how elaborate you would like to be with the set.

Having read reviews of previews productions of Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? One of the main problems in the first production was language, the audience in 1962 were not use to profanity and also the sexuality of the play and martial abuse. Now in today's society those problems aren't a threat to the audience and it is accepted.

Many of the reviews I have read absolutely love the show, they have used words like "wickedly funny", "Albee’s raucous, corrosive drama can be almost impossible to watch." this show deals with a lot of emotions and it leaves you on the edge of your seat. Many people find it hard to accept that marriages aren't perfect, but Albee does a great job exposing truth. In one of the reviews a critic stated "theatergoers who attend this revealingly acted new production, directed by Anthony Page, are destined to leave the Longacre feeling like winners, shaken but stirred by the satisfaction that comes from witnessing one helluva fight." Which is definitely true, the fighting in the play is so ugly, but you can't help but to look and wonder what is going to happen next. 

Project 2- Statement

In Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf?, the specific setting is never mentioned. In the play it states that the play takes place in “The living room of a house on the campus of a small New England college" Which means that it takes place in one of the states in the northeast corner of the United States. While researching the playwright and the show itself, I was able to come up with the conclusion that the world of my play will take place in Trinity College in Hartford, Connecticut. The playwright of Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf? is an alumni of Trinity College, so I thought it best to use that location because it ties in with the playwright. 


Whos Afraid of Virginia Woolf? was written in a time in American culture when the wives stayed at home and the image of their family was squeaky clean. Feminism was barely starting to surface, Betty Friedan wrote Feminine Mystique, which attacked the image of women just being able to be childbearing housewives.


A lot of different events happened in the 1960s, The Cuban Missle Crisis, Vietnam war and the assassination of JFK, during these events there was a lot of political controversy and many of the writers in that time period were starting to expose American values and their faults. Edward Albee was definitely a writer that didn't have a problem exposing Americas culture and faults.

During the 1960s the language that George and Martha used in Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? was not common, so it shocked many audiences. Now in todays society when someone uses a curse word we don't even think twice, when couples fight at the grocery store we mind our own business and don't even care. The play opened in 1962 at the Billy Rose Theatre, many members of the audience shocked at the language and sexuality of the play, it was something they have never seen before.


In 1966, Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? was adapted into a film. The film was directed by Mike Nicols and the screenplay was written by Ernest Lehman, Lehman kept most of the dialogue from the Edward Albee's play. Elizabeth Taylor and Richard Burton starred in this film as a controversial couple, which they could relate because thats what they were in their own personal lives. 


In my sounds and images I included mostly videos that relate to the time period and the context of the play. 
I included  a video of Betty Davis saying her infamous line "What a Dump", which was also used in the play.


In the play a lot of liquor and cigarettes are involved so I included some videos of different liquor and cigarette ads from the 1960s. 


I also included a video of a cliche family during the 1960's, this video give you an example on how the traditional American family was supposed to be. 


I also included a video of Lesley Gore with her song "You Don't Own Me", this song is a perfect example for women's rebellion and rights.

Friday, June 24, 2011

Project- 3

Theatre/Venue: Billy Rose Theatre

City/State: New York City

Month/Year: October 13, 1962- May 16, 1964

Directed by: Alan Schneider

Production Design by: William Ritman















You may not be able to swallow Mr. Albee's characters whole, as I cannot. You may feel, as I do, that a pillar of the plot is too flimsy to support the climax. Nevertheless, you are urged to hasten to the Billy Rose Theater, where Mr. Albee's first full-length play opened Saturday night.
By Howard Taubman
Nytimes

Project-3

Theatre/Venue: Mad Cow Theatre

City/State: Orlando, Florida

Month/Year: January 28, 2011- February 27, 2011

Directed by: J. Barry Lewis

Scenic Design: Tom Mangieri

Lighting Design: Erin Miner

Costume Design: Grayson Tate

Sound Design: John Valines

























Albee’s raucous, corrosive drama can be almost impossible to watch. But visiting director J. Barry Lewis has given Mad Cow Theatre audiences a keen-eyed, penetrating production of this modern classic, with actors Stephan Jones, Peg O’Keef, Timothy Williams and Heather Leonardi in finest form.
By Elizabeth Maupin
Orlandotheatrereview



After all, that’s the set-up of Edward Albee’s drama — so paradoxically the better the production the more uneasy the audience can feel.
Unfortunately for my nerves — and at the same time so very fortunately — Mad Cow Theatre’s devilishly intimate production virtually crackles with raw emotion.

By Matthew J. Palm
OrlandoSentinel

Project-3

Theatre/Venue: Alley Theatre

City/State: Houston, Tx

Month/Year: Jan 10, 2003- February 8, 2003

Directed by: Gregory Boyd

Set Desgin: Tony Staiges

Costumes: Andrea Lauer

Light Design: John Ambrosone

Sound Design: Joe Pino

Fight Director: Brian Byrnes
















What makes this production transcendent, though, is the play itself. Wickedly funny as much of his dialogue is, it's the counterpoint of the quiet moments that makes the play great. George's "bergin" speech; Martha's lines about freezing her tears in the ice box; her famous revelation that she has only and always loved George, the man "who is good to me and whom I revile"; the final "exorcism" -- oh, how Albee makes us listen!
 B Holly Hildebrand
TheatreMania

Artistic director Gregory Boyd's production is most notable for its uncommon sense of the ordinary. The play takes place when it was written, in 1962, and Tony Straiges' design of a middle-of-the-road, middle-class living room in a New England home is faithful to the era, but without any sense of hokiness, of "period." The room itself is neither well-kept -- there are newspapers creeping out from under the coffee table -- nor the "dump" that Martha calls it, imitating Bette Davis, in the play's opening lines.
By Steven Oxman
Variety Review

Thursday, June 23, 2011

Project- 3

Theatre/Venue: Kennedy Center

City/State: Washington, DC

Month/Year: January 4, 2007- January 28, 2007

Directed by: Anthony Page

Set Design: John Lee Beatty

Costume Design: Jane Greenwood

Lighting Design: Peter Kaczorowski

Sound Design: Mark Bennet and Michael Creason

















Everybody ultimately loses in Edward Albee's great marital wrestling match of a play from 1962. But theatergoers who attend this revealingly acted new production, directed by Anthony Page, are destined to leave the Longacre feeling like winners, shaken but stirred by the satisfaction that comes from witnessing one helluva fight.
By: Ben Brantley
NYtimes

Edward Albee's modern masterpiece gets the superb treatment it deserves in the revival that's at the Kennedy Center's Eisenhower Theater through the end of the month. Staged to stunning effect by Anthony Page and bolstered by the sterling supporting performances of David Furr and Kathleen Early, the production is that rare example of a long night's journey you only wish could go on longer.
By: Peter Marks
WashingtonPost

Project- 3

Theatre: Stepphenwoolf Theatre Company

City/State: Chicago, IL

Months/Year: December 2, 2010- February 13, 2011

Directed by: Pam Mackinnon

Scenic Design: Todd Rosenthal

Costume Desgin: Nan Cibula-Jenkins

Lighting Design: Allan Lee Hughes

Sound Design: Michael Bodeen, Rob Milburn





















The rules of the game are ever changing.   The only defense is to get liquored up.  Steppenwolf Theatre presents WHO'S AFRAID OF VIRGINA WOOLF?  Pulitzer Prize and Tony-Award winning playwright Edward Albee pours a generous round of marriages on the rocks. By Katy Walsh
ChicagoNow


The profanity, sexual themes and psychological brutality that scandalized Kerr’s sidewalk subjects, as well as many critics and the Pulitzer committee, have been absorbed into the foundation of American drama.
But if Woolf no longer shocks, it can still find ways to surprise, as Albee-approved director MacKinnon’s searing revival proves.
By Kris Vire

Friday, June 17, 2011

Project 2- Micro View

In Whos Afraid of Virginia Woolf?, there isn't an exact location where the play takes place. In the play it only states that it takes place in "The living room of a house on the campus of a small New England college." While doing a little research I read that the setting in "believed to be based on Trinity College, Connecticut" and I also read that Edward Albee graduated from Trinity College.
Based on Trinity College.
Trinity College

"The modern consensus is that the sexual revolution in 1960s America was typified by a dramatic shift in traditional values related to sex, and sexuality. Sex became more socially acceptable outside the strict boundaries of heterosexual marriage."
Sexual Revolution

The civil rights and antiwar movements politicized and radicalized a growing number of women bombarded with contradictory expectations and images about work and family.
The 1960s: A Decade of Change for Women.

Thursday, June 16, 2011

Project 2- Sounds & Images

Bette Davis's famous line from the movie Beyond The Forest.


The film adaptation of Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? 

Trinity College, Hartford, Conneticut
Trinity College

Liquor Commercial

Cigarette Ad


Opening Scene from Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? Original recording.

                                                        Act 3, Original cast recording.
                                     Cliché Family in Televisionland (1960s) parody commercial

                                                       Lesley Gore "You Don't Own Me"

Project 2- Macro View







Popular Culture

  • Release of first Beatles recording: the single "Love Me Do"



  • Andy Warhol's famous painting of a can of soup



  • Beverly Hill Billies is on TV



  • The Dick Van Dyke show on TV



  • Johnny Carson begins as presenter for The Tonight Show



  • Popular Films
    • West Side Story
    • Spartacus
    • El Cid
    • Lawrence of Arabia
    • To Kill a Mockingbird
    Popular Singers
    • The Beatles
    • Bob Dylan
    • Chubby Checker
    • Frankie Valli & The Four Seasons
    • Neil Sedaka
    • Roy Orbison
    • Shirley Bassey



    Cost Of Living 1962

    How Much things cost in 1962
    Yearly Inflation Rate USA 1.20% 
    Yearly Inflation Rate UK 3.6% 
    Year End Close Dow Jones Industrial Average 652 
    Average Cost of new house $12,500.00 
    Average Income per year $5,556.00 
    Average monthly rent $110.00 per month 
    Tuition to Harvard University $1,520.00 
    All Wheel Drive Scout off road $2,150.00 
    Renault Imported car $1,395.00 
    Average Cost of a new car $3,125.00 
    Eggs per dozen 32 cents 
    Gas per Gallon 28 cents 
    Cost of living(1962)


    Feminism(1960's)
    Betty Friedan publishes her highly influential book The Feminine Mystique, which describes the dissatisfaction felt by middle-class American housewives with the narrow role imposed on them by society. The book becomes a best-seller and galvanizes the modern women's rights movement.
    Feminine Mystique
    Women's Movement
    Second-Wave Feminism



    Cuban Missile Crisis(1962)
    Cuban Missile Crisis


    Cold War
    Cold War


    Vietnam War
    Vietnam War

    Sunday, June 12, 2011

    Project 1- Casting and Characters.


    Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf by Edward Albee is a play where the casting would not be difficult. When looking at things like age, gender, ethnicity/race, or persons with disabilities, many factors would not encroach on the author’s intention.

    Age is an important aspect in this play as there are two couples; one of which are older, and the other younger. While it would be a simple fix to drop facial features and age the actors who play George and Martha, you would definitely need to look at how the four compare onstage. In a collegiate, and academia setting the casting who have to, or course, use four actors of, or around, the same age. Therefore, the age of the characters is not a predominate factor in regards to casting.

    When discussing gender, one really does need to look at the relationships of these characters in relation to the other people in the play, as well as the families from which they are reared. To begin with Martha’s father is the head of the college, and Nick works there. Therefore, Martha could not be a lesbian, because it would not fit correctly into her family image. At the same time, Martha tells George that he doesn’t have the brains to work at the college; the playwright uses obvious degradation to inform the audience of the relationship of the George and Martha. The two create an ambiance of disfunctionality that is so prominent in this piece. And, it would not work for Nick and Honey (the younger couple) almost have like a tutor, tutee relationship with George and Martha.

    It would be interesting to see the characters played by different races/ethnicities. However, due to Martha speaking down to George, what message would it send if Martha was Caucasian and George was African American? Also, would having Honey (a woman who faked a pregnancy in order to get married to Nick) be African American, Hispanic, or some other minority send a message of dishonesty and pre-marital pregnancy that would come across wrong to the audience? If one was to go with non-traditional casting as far as race/ethnicity one would need to cast people of all the same race/ethnicity.

    This play, while not necessarily avoiding persons with disabilities, it would not necessarily be the proper piece to showcase any person with a disability. That is not to say that cast members cannot have slight disabilities (half blind, half deaf), they just can’t be completely debilitated due to the amount of physical activity George and Martha exhibit.

    So, when thinking about non-traditional casting in Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf one must think carefully if they wanted to try to cast this in a non-traditional manner.

    Thursday, June 9, 2011

    Project- 1 Fable

    Act One- Fun and Games
    In Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf, Martha and George are a married couple enjoying an evening at home while having a few drinks. Martha is an older woman in her 50’s and George is a couple of younger in his late 40s. Throughout their evening Martha informs George that they will have some guests over, Honey and Nick. Honey and Nick are a younger couple, Nick works as a professor at the same College that George works and Martha’s father is the president of. When Honey and Nick arrive, they are confronted with a semi-uncomfortable situation; Martha is drinking and she may be a little drunk, George keeps confusing Nick for being a math professor, when he really is a biology professor. Honey and Nick are uncomfortable at first, Martha keeps humiliating George telling them about one time when she knocked him out with a sucker punch while her father was near them. At the end of Act one, George appears with a gun, but it is a fake gun and he shoots is and an umbrella pops out. Honey is scared after he shoots the fake gun and goes to the restroom to vomit.  
                                                        
    Act Two- Walpurgisnacht
    In the beginning of Act two, George and Nick are in the living room alone, they speak about different events that have happened in their lives. Nick mentions the reason he married Honey was because of a fake pregnancy. George shares with Nick a story about his friend that killed his parents and ended up in the insane asylum, shortly after that they end up arguing. Martha and Honey join them in the living room and Martha starts to tell them about a novel that George wrote and wanted Martha’s father to publish it, George does not want her to continue with the story and attacks Martha. George and Martha seem to be playing games with Honey and Nick, George starts to retell the story that Nick told him about Honey’s fake pregnancy, Honey runs back to the restroom to vomit, George decides to read a book and Martha starts to seduce and dance with Nick. George eventually gets tired and throws his book and Honey comes back wondering what the sound was.

    Act Three- Exorcism
    In Act Three, Martha is alone and yells for George, Nick and Honey to come out from where they are hiding. Nick and Honey finally appear and George appears to be outside with snapdragons and rings the doorbell. George and Martha start to have more arguments, whether the moon is up or down and then they argue with Nick on how he couldn't keep an erection to have sex with Martha. George brings up a game called "bringing up the baby" and its the final game they will play with Nick and Honey. George brings up a their son, which at first he didn't want Martha to talk about and now Martha doesn't want him to talk about, George starts to talk about their son and accuse Martha of being an overbearing mother and Martha accuses George of messing up his life. In the end of the game George says he received a letter that stated his son was in a car accident, Nick and honey soon realize that George and Martha are lying and are just playing games with them and they leave their house.

    Project-1 Plot summary.(act and scene breakdown)

    Act One - "Fun and Games"
    George and Martha return from a faculty party, but Martha soon informs George that she has invited over guests. These guests, Nick and his wife, Honey, are much younger than George and Martha. During the "after-party" Martha taunts George. She stresses his failures brutally and drives him out of the room. Martha then tells an embarrassing story about how she humiliated him with a sucker punch in front of her father. During the telling George appears with a gun; he fires it and an umbrella pops out. Even after this joke, Martha's taunts continue. Nick and Honey grow uneasy; George reacts violently. Honey runs to the bathroom to vomit.

    Act Two - "Walpurgisnacht"
    Nick and George are then alone. Nick talks about his wife and her hysterical pregnancy. George proceeds to tell Nick a story about visiting a gin mill with a boarding school classmate. This friend had killed his mother accidentally by shooting her. He was laughed at for ordering "bergin", killed his father while driving, and was committed to an asylum shortly thereafter where he never spoke again. George and Nick argue. Eventually, George calls Nick a "smug son of a bitch." Once the wives rejoin the men, Martha begins to describe (in the face of a persistent protest from George) her husband's only novel, buried by her powerful and controlling father, a work which turns out to be embarrassingly autobiographical. The culmination of George's violent reaction to Martha's refusal to stop telling this story is to grab Martha by the throat and nearly strangle her. In his stage direction, Albee suggests that Nick may be making a connection between the "novel" and the story George had told him earlier.
    George is quick to retort Martha's prior actions, in the next game, which he calls "Get the Guests." George tells an extemporaneous tale of "the Mousie" who "tooted brandy immodestly and spent half of her time in the upchuck," and Nick's thoroughly drunk wife realizes that the story is about her and her hysterical pregnancy. She feels as if she is about to be sick and runs to the bathroom again.
    At the end of this scene, Martha starts to seduce Nick in George's presence. George reacts calmly, simply sitting and reading a book. As Martha and Nick walk upstairs, George throws his book against the door chimes in anguish; Honey returns, wondering who rang the doorbell.

    Act Three - "The Exorcism"

    Martha appears alone in the living room, shouting at the others to come out from hiding. Nick joins her after a while, recalling Honey in the bathroom winking at him. The doorbell rings: it is George, with a bunch of snapdragons in his hand, calling out, "Flores para los muertos" (flowers for the dead, in a reference to a line in A Streetcar Named Desire). Martha and George argue about whether the moon is up or down (possibly a Taming of the Shrew reference): George insists it is up, while Martha says she saw no moon from the bedroom. This leads to a discussion where Martha and George insult Nick in tandem, an argument that reveals that Nick was too drunk to have sex with Martha upstairs anyway.
    George asks Nick to bring his wife back out for the final game "Bringing Up Baby." George and Martha have a son, about whom George has repeatedly told Martha to keep quiet over the course of the night, but now George talks about Martha's overbearingness toward their son. George then prompts Martha for her "recitation", in which they describe their son's upbringing in a bizarre duet. Martha describes their son's beauty and talents and then accuses George of ruining his life. As this tale progresses, George begins to recite sections of the Dies Irae (part of the Requiem, the Latin mass for the dead).
    At the end of the tale, George informs Martha that the door chimes heard earlier was a boy from Western Union who brought a telegram that said their son had died: "killed late in the afternoon ... on a country road, with his learner's permit in his pocket, he swerved, to avoid a porcupine"—a description that matches that of the boy in the gin mill story told earlier. Martha screams "You can't do that!" and collapses.
    It becomes clear that George and Martha never had a son and George has decided to "kill" him. Martha broke their rule that she could not speak of their son to others. Nick and Honey leave, realizing what has happened. The play ends with George singing, "Who's afraid of Virginia Woolf?" to Martha, whereupon she replies, "I am, George... I am."

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who's_Afraid_of_Virginia_Woolf%3F

    Project- 1 Exegesis

    Cluck - To express with interest or concern. (pg6)
    www.merriam-websterscollegiate.com/dictionary/cluck

     Bette Davis- 
    (Martha: What a dump. Hey, what’s that from? “ What a dump!”)
    (looks about the room. Imitates Bette Davis) (pg4)
    Was an American actress of film, television and theatre. Noted for her willingness to play unsympathetic characters, and highly regarded for her film performances.
    “What a dump!” is a bitchy line Bette Davis said in the movie Beyond This Forest.

    Peritonitis- Peritonitis is an inflammation (irritation) of the peritoneum, the thin tissue that lines the inner wall of the abdomen and covers most of the abdominal organs. (p5)

    Parnassus – (pg32) (Greek mythology) a mountain in central Greece where (according to Greek mythology) the Muses lived; known as the mythological home of music and poetry; "Liakoura is the modern name of Mount Parnassus"

    Walpurisnacht- (Act Two) is a traditional spring festival on 30 April or 1 May in large parts of Central and Northern Europe.[1] Its celebration is associated with dancing and with bonfires.

    Monstre-(pg113) French word meaning Monster.

    Cochon-(pg113) French word meaning Pig.

    Bête- (pg113)French word meaning Beast.

    Canaille- (pg113)  French word meaning Blackguard.

    Putain- (pg113)French word meaning Whore.

    Putas- (pg126) Puta is a Spanish word, its English translation is Whore, or slut.
    Exorcism- (Act 3) is the religious practice of evicting demons or other spiritual entities from a person or place which they are believed to have possessed.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exorcism


    Flores para los muertos" (flowers for the dead, in a reference to a line in A Streetcar Named Desire).
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who's_Afraid_of_Virginia_Woolf%3F


    Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?- George often sings this to Martha in the play, in the tune of "Here we go round the Mulberry Bush" It means who's afraid of the big bad wolf and whos afraid of living a life without false illusions. 
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who's_Afraid_of_Virginia_Woolf%3F


    Requiem- Requiem or Requiem Mass, also known asMass for the dead (Latin:Missa pro defunctis) orMass of the dead (Latin:Missa defunctorum), isMass celebrated for the repose of the soul or souls of one or more deceased persons, using a particular formula of the Roman Missal. It is frequently, but not necessarily, celebrated in the context of a funeral

    Latin


    Requiem æternam dona eis, Domine,
    et lux perpetua luceat eis.
    Te decet hymnus Deus, in Sion,
    et tibi reddetur votum in Ierusalem.
    Exaudi orationem meam;
    ad te omnis caro veniet.
    Requiem æternam dona eis, Domine,
    et lux perpetua luceat eis.

    English translation





    Grant them eternal rest, O Lord,
    and let perpetual light shine upon them.
    A hymn becomes you, O God, in Zion,
    and to you shall a vow be repaid in Jerusalem.
    Hear my prayer;
    to you shall all flesh come.
    Eternal rest grant unto them, O Lord,
    and let perpetual light shine upon them.

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Requiem

    Monday, June 6, 2011

    Project 1- Characters

    Martha- A large, boisterous woman, looking somewhat younger. Ample, but not fleshy. Daughter of the president of New Carthage University. She is married to George, though disapointed with his aborted academic career. She attempts to have an affair with Nick. Age 52

    George-Thin, hair going gray. George is a member of the history department at New Carthage, George is married to Martha, in a once loving relationship now is defined by sarcasm and frequent acrinomy. Age 46

    Honey- A petite blond girl, rather plain. Honey has a weak stomach, and is not all that bright. Age 26

    Nick-  Blond, well put-together, good looking. He just became a new member of the biology falculty at New Carthage University. Mid-western and is married to Honey. Age 28

    Thursday, June 2, 2011

    Project 1- Edward Albee's Biography

    Albee, Edward (Franklin)

    American dramatist and theatrical producer, best known for WHO'S AFRAID OF VIRGINIA WOOLF? (1962), which examined illusion and reality with slashing insight and witty dialogue in its gruesome portrayal of married life.
    Albee was an adopted child, and he grew up in New York City and nearby Westchester County. He was educated at Choate School (graduated 1946) and Trinity College, Hartford, Conn. (1946–47). He began writing plays in the late 1950s. Among his early one-act plays, THE ZOO STORY, THE AMERICAN DREAM, and THE SANDBOX (all published 1959) were the most successful; they established Albee as an astute critic of American values and of human interaction. Many critics, however, consider his first full-length play, Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf ? (film, 1966), to be his most important work. It was followed by a number of full-length works—including Tiny Alice (1964), A DELICATE BALANCE (1966; winner of a Pulitzer Prize), SEASCAPE (1975; winner of a Pulitzer Prize), and The Man Who Had Three Arms (1982). His play Three Tall Women (produced 1991) won him a third Pulitzer.